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Bullous keratopathy
Bullous keratopathy is a pathological condition in which small vesicles, or ''bullae'', are formed in the cornea due to endothelial dysfunction.
In a healthy cornea, endothelial cells keeps the tissue from excess fluid absorption, pumping it back into the aqueous humor. When affected by some reason, such as Fuchs' dystrophy or a trauma during cataract removal, endothelial cells suffer mortality or damage. The corneal endothelial cells normally do not undergo mitotic cell division, and cell loss results in permanent loss of function. When endothelial cell counts drop too low, the pump starts failing to function and fluid moves anterior into the stroma and epithelium. The excess fluid precipitates swelling of the cornea. As fluid accumulates between the basal epithelium cells, blister like formations form (bullae) and they undergo painful ruptures releasing their fluid content to the surface. These characteristic malformations disrupt vision and create pain sensations.
Treatment can include hyperosmotic eye drops to reduce swelling (5% sodium chloride), bandage contact lenses to reduce discomfort, glaucoma medications to reduce the flow of fluid into the cornea, and surgical procedures to replace the damaged tissue.
==Symptoms==
Disease begins with vesicles that coalesce. There is severe progressing edema and rupture may occur in 24 hours or less. 〔http://www.eyevet.ca/bullous.html〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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